The Gothic Features of Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte Essay

The Gothic Features of Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte A Gothic novel is a type of literature, which became very popular in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. In this time, society was governed by strict moral codes. The Gothics would escape into a world of dark, supernatural and wild passions. The word Gothic meant barbarous and wild and many writers liked to involve these elements in their novels. Gothic novels were usually set in foreign countries, particularly in Catholic countries in Southern Europe, and usually set in the past, in the Middle Ages. Many Gothic novels took place in castles, dungeons and monasteries, and were supernatural and mysterious, involving ghosts and†¦show more content†¦It was very seldom slept in and was one of the largest and stateliest chambers in the mansion. Bronte describes this room in huge depth, and gives the reader a strong visual idea of what it looks like; massive pillars of mahogany and curtains of deep red damask. Jane also describes it as chill and lonely due to the fa ct that this was where Mr Reed breathed his last. It is also very Gothic when Jane sees the ghost in the room, given that many Gothic novels have monsters or ghosts in them. Oh! I saw a light, I thought a ghost would come. This is a very significant moment at Gateshead, and Bronte uses descriptive language to build up the suspense and tension, My heart beat thick, also I was oppressed, suffocated. The next location Jane goes to is Lowood. The school is described as a large and irregular building, It is very run-down and decrepit, and far away from any village or town. Bronte describes it to have a very dreary silence, with great low-ceiled, gloomy rooms It is also described as grey and old with a church-like aspect. This setting is obviously very Gothic. Here Jane is very alone, and her independence shines through as she moves to her new school. The orphaned girls wore dull uniforms, which consisted of a straw bonnet and a grey cloak. The meals consist ofShow MoreRelatedJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1186 Words   |  5 Pages The nineteenth-century novel Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is considered to be a gothic novel. Gothic literature took place mostly in England from 1790 to 1830, falling into the category of Romantic literature. The Gothic takes its roots from previous horrifying writing that extends back to the Middle Ages and can still be found in writings today by ma ny authors including Charlotte Bronte. The strong description of horror, abuse, and gruesomeness in Gothic novels reveals truths to readers throughRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1203 Words   |  5 PagesThe nineteenth-century Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte is considered to be a gothic novel. Gothic literature took place mostly in England from 1790 to 1830, falling into the category of Romantic literature. The Gothic takes its roots from previous horrifying writing that extends back to the Middle Ages and can still be found in writings today by many authors including Charlotte Bronte. The strong description of horror, abuse, and gruesomeness in Gothic novels reveals truths to readers through realisticRead MoreJane Eyre By Charlotte Bronte1374 Words   |  6 PagesJane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte Within the specter of the Gothic fictions arises the atmosphere of gloom, terror, and mystery with some elements of uncanny challenging reality. One major characteristic function of the Gothic fictions is to open the fiction to the realm of the irrational and perverse narratives, obsessions, and nightmarish terrors that hide beneath the literally civilized mindset in order to demonstrate the presence of the uncanny existing in the world known rationally through experienceRead MoreUse of Gothic Elements in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1729 Words   |  7 PagesUSE OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN CHARLOTTE BRONTES ‘JANE EYRE Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was published in the middle of the nineteenth century. Bronte was greatly influenced by the Gothic novels that were in fashion before the time of Jane Eyre. The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. The protagonist of the novel would generallyRead MoreUse of Gothic Elements in Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre1740 Words   |  7 PagesUSE OF GOTHIC ELEMENTS IN CHARLOTTE BRONTES ‘JANE EYRE Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre was published in the middle of the nineteenth century. Bronte was greatly influenced by the Gothic novels that were in fashion before the time of Jane Eyre. The Gothic novel was popularised in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and was defined by its use of suspense, supernatural elements, and desolate locations to generate a gloomy or chilling mood. The protagonist of the novel would generallyRead MoreAnalysis of Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Essays1499 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Charlotte Brontes Jane Eyre Jane Eyre was written by Charlotte Brontà « under the male pseudonym of Currer Bell in 1847. It is a semi autobiography and is a mixture of realism, romance and Gothic. During this time women were seen as beings of inferior status. The plot of Jane Eyre follows a bildungsroman. Janes growth is traced from childhood and innocence to adulthood and maturity. It depicts the story of a woman who is capable of strong emotions andRead MoreEssay about Jane Eyre Ap Question861 Words   |  4 PagesTim Kwist AP English Literature and Composition Quinn April 1, 2013 Jane Eyre: AP Question Essay â€Å"Writers often highlight the values of a culture or a society by using characters who are alienated from that culture or society because of gender, race, or creed. Choose a play or novel in which such a character plays a significant role and show how that characters alienation reveals the surrounding societys assumptions and moral values.† Women who had no claim to wealth or beauty receivedRead MoreJane Eyre: Rochester as a Byronic Hero1545 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Charlotte Brontes character Mr. Rochester is clearly an unusual love interest for a romantic novel. He has an abrupt, selfish and arrogant nature, and is far from handsome. Mr. Rochester is stern, rude, and demanding and has a dark and somewhat mysterious personality. However, with the gothic atmosphere of Jane Eyre, it seems almost suiting for the hero to embody many such attributes of a Byronic hero One of the most prominent literary character types of the Romantic period, the Byronic heroRead MoreTextual Reading/ Literary Analysis on Dracula1720 Words   |  7 PagesReading/ Literary Analysis Audience: classmates who argues that â€Å"Dracula† is not a Gothic genre Purpose: to show them that â€Å"Dracula† is a perfectly good example of Gothic genre â€Å"Dracula† a novel by Bram Stoker, deals with vampire folklore, Christian beliefs, and mostly gothic elements. Gothic elements are tremendous in this novel as it is seen a lot throughout the novel. The components of classic gothic elements as seen in â€Å"Dracula† includes the setting of the novel, the tone, a villainousRead MoreSimilarities Between Charlotte Bronte’s Life and Jane Eyre’s Life7010 Words   |  29 PagesABSTRACT This study mainly concerns with the similarities between Jane Eyre and Charlotte Bronte’s life. The aim is to find out how Charlotte Bronte’s life and experiences affect Jane Eyre. The most frequently and the most effective similarities from the earlier parts of their lives to the end of their lives are given in this study. It is also aimed to determine the frequency of similarities and effectiveness of these similarities by analyzing their lives. After analyzing the collected

What Makes A Good Government - 1121 Words

In order for something occur, generally there must be something that predates that occurrence. This rule applies to politics as well, for if a government has a particular characteristic, there must be a reason behind it. One cannot simply make a good government out of thin air, without having reason or an idea on how to achieve the end goal of a good government. I still believe a good government is one that sustains itself, adapts to the times in which it lives, protects itself and its citizenry from threats, and reflects what works for the society it is ruling. There is hesitation to use specifics, and for a good reason. Governments over time share very little in characteristics, but they do share governmental needs. Most needs boil down†¦show more content†¦Half a millennium ago, kingdoms were all the rage and those not under monarchial rule were savages and uncivilized creatures. In 500 years, democracy may not be the ideal Western government. We could, for say, come to t he great realization that we should be ruled by artificial intelligence. It may be popular now to say that democracy is the best form of government, but that may not be true for the West in the future and it may even not be true for some parts of our present world. Some cultures would reject democracy, like some countries in the Middle East such as Afghanistan, where the U.S. is still attempting to prop up a democracy, despite Afghanistan’s high place on the Fragile States Index, by The Fund for Peace, with a score of 107.9, putting them at number 6 out of 178 measured countries. By this ranking, they fail in many aspects as a nation-state, such as protection. The means to which a country can protect itself from others and itself are vast, from relying on allies to protect you to complete surveillance of the home country and beyond. There are multiple ways a country can become overrun, such as an underestimated rebel cell that becomes a mighty revolution to the back stabbing of a once thought ally. An example of rebellion would be the one started in Western China by the infamous Mao Zedong. Stirred by both expeditions and massacres, what would become the People’s Republic of ChinaShow MoreRelated The Impractical Philosophies of Self-reliance and Civil Disobedience1096 Words   |  5 PagesThoreau said that the best government was no government, and that people should always do what was just. A society that functioned under the ideals of Emerson and Thoreau would have no problems. No money would be needed, because all members of society would do what was right and help each other out. A farmer would give away his grain and in return would receive everything he needed from other members of society. No crimes would be committed because people would think through what they were about to doRead MoreThe Impact Of Foreign Policy On International Trade Essay1494 Words   |  6 PagesEver since the first involvement of government in international trade, many people have posed their opinion about what the role of government should be in it. Different factors are involved when it comes to deciding what this should be. It impacts a lot of people, so in order to do that, trade policy must be properly defined, identify what the roles of government currently are, and their involvement in it, and then analyse what should be their role. Trade policy is how a country carries out tradeRead MoreSelf-Reliance and Good Citizenship in Henry David Thoreaus Essay, Civil Disobedience804 Words   |  4 PagesSelf-Reliance and Good Citizenship Civil Disobedience is an essay by Henry David Thoreau on the place of civil disobedience in society. It analyzes men in society, the folly of majority and most importantly of all, it analyzes good citizenship. It looks at what it means to be a good citizenship and the most recurring theme is self-reliance. He discusses obedience to principle, independence from the government, and intolerance of injustice, which are all just kinds of self-reliance. Self-RelianceRead MoreExplain how resources are allocated in reference to the different economic systems?1686 Words   |  7 Pagesthe government coming together and interacting in a legal and social society. The function of an economic system is to resolve the basic economic problem - scarcity which means that the resources are limited but wants are infinite. This distribution has three dimensions: * What is to be produced * How is it to be produced * For whom is it to be produced. There are 2 economic systems which are commonly used world-wide. 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While there are many arguments on either side of the spectrum, the important thing to remember is that libertarianism is not a sound philosophy. The idea behind libertarianism is what is good for the individual is good for all. This clearly is not, and cannot be the case because notRead MoreContributions Of Confucianism1034 Words   |  5 Pagessuccessful man. Confucius envisioned a type of government where people strived to succeed. He thought that how you go about trying to achieve something, is more important that actually achieving it. He once said, â€Å"Good government obtains when those who are near are made happy, and those who are far off are attracted.† This means that he thought the government should find a way to make the locals happy, and make others want to come join their government. He wanted things to be done thoroughly, insteadRead MoreJohn Locke : The Defender Of Limited Government1462 Words   |  6 Pagesis known as the defender of limited government. Locke’s limited government can be defined as one in which â€Å"a morally legitimate government coerces only those who freely and voluntarily consent to its authority† (Locke on Government, Arneson). Therefore, in Locke’s theory of politics, a government can only work if its people are consenting. Locke defines consent as either explicit or tacit. Explicit can be defined as obvious whereas tacit would fall under what is understood without being directlyRead MoreMixed Economy vs. Command Economy659 Words   |  3 Pagesvariously to include government policies, which is very important especially in modern times. Ancient systems were pretty simple. Trade was done using systems like barter trade which was very straight forward. People only exchanged what they had for what they needed, or wanted. However, in modern monetary economies, the setting is quite intricate. Huge established companies have a lot of influence in the way business is done. Treaties and agreements are made every day, and governments have made numerousRead MoreExplain how Leakages and Injections Influence the Level of Economic Activity and Explain how the Government Influences Economic Activity1165 Words   |  5 Pagesgreat influence on economic activity, as they basically are economic activity. Without leakages and injections there would be no ci rcular flow, without which the economy would run as it does now. The government also plays a major role in the running of the economy as it has a great influence over what goes in and out of the circular flow by the way of taxation, imports and exports. The five-sector circular flow of income model is a theoretical way for economists to describe certain features of economic

Thomas Paine s Common Sense - 1591 Words

In the first several pages of Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, he makes it very clear his feelings for the British Government. â€Å"The king is not to be trusted without being looked after†¦,† Paine states (page 6). He is trying to convey that the kind should not be able to make important decisions without someone going back behind him to check and make sure he is not messing anything up. He also goes on to talk about how the common people are wiser and more worthy of confidence than the crown. Expressing that the common people are less likely to make poor decisions than the king. It is clear that Paine is not in favor of a monarchy to rule over Britain because, he states, â€Å"†¦there is something ridiculous in the composition of a monarchy.† Paine’s ideal form of government would be a representative democracy that gives roughly equal weight to each colony. He also says that the sole purpose of a government is to protect life, liberty, and propert y, and a government should solely be judged on the extent to which it accomplishes these goals. Paine believes that Britain has never really been a part of a representative democracy because of the monarchy. Also, because of the lack of a House of Commons, which is chosen by the people, because of hereditary succession, which is obviously not chosen by the people, but people born into the royal family. Hereditary succession has basically eliminated the people’s chance of having a voice or say so in what decisions are made for them. PaineShow MoreRelatedThomas Paine s Common Sense Essay813 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine began writing Common Sense in late 1775 under the working title of Plain Truth. With Benjamin Rush, who helped him edit it, publish it, and suggested the final title, Paine developed his ideas into a forty-eight page pamphlet. He published Common Sense anonymously because of its treasonable content. Rush recommended the printer Robert Bell, promising Paine that, where other printers might say no because of the content of the pamphlet, Bell would not hesitate nor delay its printing. PaineRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense941 Words   |  4 Pages  Thomas Paine, born in 1737 in Thetford, England, came to America in 1774 after meeting Benjamin Franklin and receiving a letter of recommendation. Once he reached the colonies, he became the editor of the â€Å"Pennsylvania Magazine† as well as begin his career as a political pamphleteer. Paine became a major voice for political issues through his works including, â€Å"Common Sense† and â€Å"The American Crisis†. Both of which addressed what the colonies were fighting for, a fresh start as a society and politicalRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense Essay1659 Words   |  7 PagesPamphlet, Common Sense, written by philosopher Thomas Paine in 1776, provided the insight that would soon play out to be a major role in the beginning of the American Revolution. Thomas Paine helped many of the colonists envision a future of control, unity, and self-reliance. He portrayed the colonists to be victims of Great Britain, the land in which most of the original colonists se ttled away from, and encouraged them to begin the war in which they would fight for their liberty. Common Sense caughtRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense Essay720 Words   |  3 PagesThomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense was first published in January, 1776. Paine emigrated to America in late 1774, just a few months before the Revolutionary War began. Upon entering America Paine quickly became involved in American politics. He also edited the Pennsylvania Magazine. The war for American Independence can be traced back to 1763 when the French and Indian war occurred. The British won the war, but also had a substantial debt. Thus, they began to heavily tax the American coloniesRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense887 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense questions the King’s priorities and why American colonists would stay with him, which gave the American colonists the confidence in themselves to separate from the British. In Thomas Paineâ €™s first page of his pamphlet Common Sense, Paine says â€Å"As a long and violent abuse of power.† Now for years the colonists had believed the King had bad advisers and that basically everyone in Britain but the King was the problem. Paine goes on to state â€Å"The remains of MonarchicalRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense1512 Words   |  7 Pageshistorically and culturally-significant pieces of literature, Thomas Paine’s Common Sense has been meticulously analyzed for its effectiveness in eliciting the reaction that Paine himself intended in 1776. At the forefront of Paine’s pamphlet is â€Å"Thoughts on the Present State of American Affairs,† notable for its first sentence: â€Å"In the following pages I offer nothing more than simple, facts, plain arguments, and commonsense† (7). Within, Paine â€Å"elaborates† on three main points that strengthen the optionRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense795 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Pa ine’s Common Sense, on the surface, is a call for the dissolution of British monarchial hold on American society. Upon closer inspection of his rhetoric, historical references, and his concept of independence, his audience witnesses more than just an incitement to revolution. Paine is redeveloping the American concept of rights and, thus, redefining its roots. By eliminating British ties in this pamphlet, he creates a â€Å"rights foundation† that relies on discourse and national institutionsRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense Pamphlet1719 Words   |  7 Pagesfigure to back their frustrations. Radical journalist and political animal, Thomas Paine, was the first to openly ask for liberty, in the Pennsylvania Magazine. Paine’s ordinary language appealed to the common folk, and allowed them to participate in colonial meetings; Their strength would be dependent on numbers. The published piece gave clear reason for the colonists to fight for their freedom. Thomas Paine’s Common Sense pamphlet asserted purpose to the impending ward on England, and inspired allRead MoreThomas Paine s Common Sense Assignment976 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Paine’s Common Sense Assignment Thomas Paine published Common Sense in January of 1776, and it was a motive that pushed for America to gain freedom from British rule. Paine used Common Sense as a way to explain to the Colonist just what Britain was doing to the colonies and what they were stopping them from achieving. Paine used language that colonist used in everyday life so that it was more appealing to them. Being that it was written in an easy to understand language and stated what theRead MoreAnalysis of Thomas Paine ´s Pamphlet, Common Sense846 Words   |  3 PagesCommon Sense Throughout time, events such as wars and assassinations have occurred that people today can describe as â€Å"a turning point in history†. However, not all turning points in history have to be wars, assassinations, etc. In fact, perhaps everybody acknowledges that Thomas Paine’s pamphlet Common Sense is a â€Å"turning point in history† because it inspired the United States Revolutionary War. Common Sense, a pamphlet, can be credited as to inciting the American Colonies to revolt against Great

Chalk Made Out from Seashells Essay Sample free essay sample

Presents. people are acquiring to utilize to roll up seashells for merriment and for past clip. They made ornaments. even accoutrements for a doll out of it and most people collect seashells. Here in the Philippines. people made seashells for ornaments and accoutrements. They made seashells into accoutrements for them to sell it. But don’t you know that aside from those things seashells can besides be made into a much utile things. In add-on. seashells are besides used in doing jewellery. These shells are made into smooth perfect domains which. by themselves. could be mistaken to pearls. We are cognizant that the instruction is the most powerful key to win. And to back up this. we need some installations and stuffs for us to do it easier and clearer. Of class. in our modern universe today we know that we already have some modernized equipments to do it clearer but still for those hopeless states and people who want to be sent in school. And the monetary value of about all commercialized or local merchandises continuously increasing. And this is a large facet to be considered in schooling. Some of the schools don’t have adequate support from authorities and this thing brings troubles for us pupils. We already have whiteboards that merely need markers and projectors for those modernized. But merely the rich states and people can afford it. how about the hapless 1s? It would be expensive for them. So. research workers made some tests and mistakes from different natural stuffs to be made into a more lasting and long lasting chalk. Until they found out that seashells is made up of Ca carbonate that can besides be found in chalk. The term seashells normally refer to the exoskeleton of invertebrate animate beings. Most seashells are normally found at the beaches but in a assortment of home grounds it is besides possible to happen shells from fresh water animate beings. But what was known in these animate beings they are made up of Ca carbonate. It will now be easy for the less fortunate state or people to afford a lasting and long permanent alternate chalk. We besides need to cognize the hardness and the texture of the chalk out of seashells. Statement of the ProblemThe survey is conducted to determine the production of chalk from seashells. Specifically. this survey sought to reply the undermentioned inquiry: 1. Be at that place any important difference between the chalk out from seashells and taking commercial one? 2. Be at that place any important difference between the experimental chalk from seashells and the taking commercial one in footings of quality and lastingness? 3. Is the merchandise is acceptable to the consumer in footings of handiness and economic value? Statement of the HypothesissBased on the aforesaid jobs. the undermentioned hypotheses are advanced: 1. There is no important difference between the chalk out from seashells and the taking commercial 1. 2. There is no important difference between the experimental chalk from seashells and the taking commercial one in footings of quality and lastingness. 3. The merchandise is non acceptable to the consumer in footings of handiness and economic value. Significance of the Study This survey is focused on the possibility of replacing commercialized chalk with seashells. This survey opens another manner for us people to be able to salvage and do chalk that is more lasting with durable usage. The survey was conducted as a redress for the common job of disbursement much in. It aims to assist the less fortunate purchasing some expensive commercialized or local merchandises. Scope and RestrictionThis survey is focused on planing and bring forthing alternate chalk. It besides deals with the appraisal of its existent advantages as compared to the commercialised 1. The qualities and measures informations obtained in the testing of the merchandise against the control were limited to 3 trials merely. This survey will be conducted at the abode of the research worker in his abode at Panitan. Capiz. Chapter IIREVIEW OF RELATED LITERATUREThis portion presents the conceptual literature and related surveies. SeashellsA seashell is the common name for difficult. protective outer bed that was created by a sea animal or a marine being. The shells are the portion of the organic structure of a marine animate being. in most instances the exoskeleton. The word shell is frequently used to mention merely to the shells of marine mollusc. mollusc shells but it can besides be used to intend the shells of a broad assortment of marine animate beings from different phyla. The composing of seashells have three distinguishable substances involved: the outer bed of the horny substance conchiolin. the intermediate bed of calcite. and the smooth interior bed composed chiefly of Ca calbornate. The blood of a mollusc is rich in a liquid signifier of Ca. A soft outer organ called the mantle concentrates the Ca in countries where it can divide out from the blood. organizing Ca carbonate crystals. The mantle deposits sheets of the crystal in changing thickness. The single crystals in each bed vary in form and or ientation. Most of the seashells are normally found in beach impetus. natural debris that is deposited along strandlines on the beaches by the moving ridges and the tides. Shells are really frequently washed up onto a beach empty and clean it’s because the animate being has already died and the soft parts holding rotted off or holding eaten by either marauders or scavengers. Empty seashells are frequently found by beachcombers and roll uping these shells is a harmless avocation or survey. The bulk of seashells which are offered for gross revenues commercially have been collected alive and so killed and cleaned. specifically for commercial trade. This type of development can sometimes hold a strong negative impact on the distribution of rarer species and on local ecosystems. Apart from mollusc shells. there are other types of shells that can be found on beaches are those of cirripeds. horseshoe pediculosis pubis. and lamp shells. Some of these seashells came from annelid worms in the household of Serpulidae create shells made up of chalky tubings cemented onto other surfaces. The shells of sea urchins are called trials and the shells of pediculosis pubis and lobsters are called exuviae. But most of these seashells are external. Seashells have been admired. studied and used by worlds for many different intents throughout history and pre-history. But seashells are non the lone sort of shells. In a assortment of home grounds it is possible to happen shells from fresh water animate beings such as fresh water mussels and fresh water snails. and it is besides possible to happen shells from land snails. ChalkA chalk is a soft white porous sedimentary stone. a signifier of limestone composed of the mineral calcite. Calcite is calcium carbonate or CaCO3. It forms under moderately deeps marine conditions from the gradual accretion of minute calcite home bases shed from microorganism called coccolithophores. It is common to happen chert or flint nodules embedded in chalk. Chalk can besides mention to other compounds including Mg silicate and Ca sulphate. Chalk has greater opposition to enduring and slouching than the clays which it is normally associated. Thus. organizing tall steep drops where chalk ridges meet the sea. Chalk hills. known as chalk down land. normally form where sets of chalk reach the surface at an angle and organizing a scarp incline. Because chalk is porous it can keep a big volume of land H2O. supplying a natural reservoir that releases H2O easy through dry seasons. Chalk is composed largely of Ca carbonate with minor sums of silt and clay. It is usually formed underwater. normally on the sea bed so consolidated and compressed during diagenesis into the signifier normally seen today. During diagenesis silicon oxide accumulates to organize chert or flint nodules within the carbonate stone. Ninety million old ages ago the chalk down land of Northern Europe was ooze accumulating at the underside of a great sea. Protozoans such as Foraminifera lived on the marine dust that showered down from the upper beds of the ocean. Their shells were made of calcite extracted from the rich sea-water. As they died a deep bed bit by bit built up and finally. through the weight of overlying deposits. became amalgamate into stone. Later Earth motions related to the formation of the Alps raised these former sea-floor sedimentations above sea degree. UsesChalk is used to do calcium oxide and slaked calcium hydroxide. chiefly used as lime howitzer in edifices. In southeast England. Deneholes are a noteworthy illustration of ancient chalk cavities. Such bell cavities may besides tag the sites of ancient flint mines. where the premier object was to take flint nodules for rock tool industry. The surface remains at Cissbury are one such illustration. but possibly the most celebrated is the extended composite at Grimes Graves in Norfolk. The traditional utilizations of chalk have in some instances been replaced by other substances. although the word â€Å"chalk† is frequently still applied to the usual replacings. Blackboard chalk is used for pulling on unsmooth surfaces. as it readily crumbles go forthing atoms that stick slackly to these surfaces. Although traditionally composed of natural chalk. modern chalkboard chalk is by and large made from the mineral gypsum. frequently supplied in sticks of tight pulverization about 4 i nches long. Sidewalk chalk is similar to blackboard chalk. except that it is formed into larger sticks and frequently colored. It is used to pull on pavements. streets. and private roads. largely by kids. but besides by grownup creative persons. In agribusiness chalk is used for raising pH in dirts with high sourness. The most common signifiers are calcium carbonate and Ca oxide. In field athleticss. including grass tennis tribunals. powdery chalk was used to tag the boundary lines of the playing field or tribunal. This gives the advantage that. if the ball hits the line. a cloud of chalk or pigment dust can be seen. Nowadays the substance used is largely titanium dioxide. In gymnastic exercises. rock-climbing. weight-lifting and jerk of war. chalk — now normally magnesium carbonate — is applied to the custodies to take sweat and cut down stealing. Tailor’s chalk is traditionally a difficult chalk used to do impermanent markers on fabric. chiefly by seamsters. Nowadays it is normally made from Mg silicate. Polishing chalk is chalk prepared with a carefully controlled grain size. for really all right shining of metals. Related SurveiesGallinero. Reymark A. . et Al. In his survey about â€Å"Pulverizing Tuway Shells as a Potential Material for Chalk Production† there were three trial in this survey that were prepared. The tuway shells were burned to do one stick. delay until the shells brickle easy. A howitzer and stamp were used to powderize the shells. The sum of shells is half of the sum of Pbc grout that was put in the shells. The mixture were assorted and the mixture was put in the chalk molder. Then delay for 2 hours to do the chalk prohibitionist. After garnering informations. they found out that the chalk from Tuway shells are non the same as the commercialize chalk in footings of colour and texture but in footings of hardness the chalk from Tuway shells is more harder. Chapter IIIMethodologyThis portion describes the research design that will be used in the survey. recite the stuffs and tools that will be usedand nowadayss the different stairss on how the experiment will be carried out. Gathering stuffsIn carry oning this survey. the research worker used seashells to puverized. 500 g of manioc. howitzer and stamp to powderize the seashells. oven wassailer for boiling the seashells. grater and fabric is used to squash the juice from manioc. and a bowl as a container of the infusion. ProcedureUnder the Sun and delay until it dries up and is ready to be used. In carry oning the experiment the research worker followed the undermentioned process: Collect seashells from the sea shore or left-over shell commissariats. and manioc. Pulverized the shells until it becomes all right as pulverization and put aside in a container. Grate the manioc and squash its juice utilizing fabrics. Separate the liquid from its residue. Mix the residue of the extracted manioc and the powdered seashells. Add a little sum of H2O at the right ratio of the measure of the mixture. Mold the mixture into different forms and sizes harmonizing to your desire. Put it under the Sun and delay until it dries up and is ready to be used. Procedural Design Statistical AnalysisThe statistical analysis that will be used in this survey for the calculations of the consequences were average and analysis of discrepancy. The mean was computed determine the acceptableness of the merchandise in footings of factors used in this survey. The analysis discrepancy was computed to prove whether the peculiar chalk from seashells and the commercialised chalk are significantly different. Mean Mean is besides known as the arithmetic mean. a value that helps sum up an full set of Numberss. A set’s mean is calculated by adding the Numberss in the set together and spliting their amount by the figure of members of the set. Average: ?=i=1NxiN Table 1value| remarks|1-1. 80| Least Desirable|1. 81-2. 61| Desirable|2. 62-3. 42| Reasonably Desirable|3. 43-4. 23| Highly Desirable|4. 24-5. 0| Excellent| * R = 5-4 = 4* I = 5/4 = 0. 80 Analysis of DiscrepancyAnalysis of discrepancy is the analysis of the difference in the results of an experiment and determines the factors that contribute to the variable. It is besides the method of dividing the entire fluctuation of the information into meaningful constituents. Sum-of-Squares Computational FormulaSST= i=1kj=1nx2ij-T2†¦nkSSC=i=1kT2. n-T2. . nkSSE=SST-SSC SST = entire amount of squaresSSC = amount of squares for column agenciesSSE = mistake amount of squares Table 2Analysis of Variance for the One-Way ClassificationBeginning of Variation| Sum of Squares| Degrees of Freedom| Mean Square| Computed| Column meansError| SSCSSE| k-1k ( n-1 ) | s2=SSCk-1s22=SSEk ( n-1 ) | s12s22| Total | SST| nk-1| | | Definition of FootingsFor the lucidity and better apprehension of this survey. the undermentioned footings were defined: Cassava. Cassava is a fruticose tropical American works widely grown for its big. tuberous. starchy roots. The root of this works is eaten as a basic nutrient in the Torrid Zones merely after leaching and drying to take nitrile. Cassava amylum is besides the beginning of tapioca. In this survey. it is referred to the fruit to be used in acquiring its juice and to be assorted with the seashells. Extract. Extract is a concentrated substance obtained by first utilizing a dissolver to fade out this substance when nowadays in a mixture and so vaporizing the dissolver. In this survey. it is referred to the juice obtained from the fruit of the works which is the manioc and prepared into pure concentrations. Seashells. Seashell is a difficult. stiff outer bed. which has evolved in a really broad assortment of different animate beings. including molluscs. sea urchins. crust aceans. polo-necks and tortoises. armadillos. etc. Scientific names for this type of construction include exoskeleton. armor. trial. shell. and peltidium. In this survey the seashells are the chief topics to be used for the experiment and to be made into a chalk.